The woodworking engraving machine is a mechanical engraving machine used in furniture decoration, musical instrument industry, wooden handicraft industry, large-area plate engraving, solid wood furniture, solid wood art murals, cabinet windows, and doors, screen carving, etc. The woodcarving machine is composed of a computer, woodcarving machine controller and woodcarving machine host.
1. Introduction
The
woodworking engraving machine is a mechanical engraving machine used in
furniture decoration, musical instrument industry, wooden handicraft industry,
large-area plate engraving, solid wood furniture, solid wood art murals,
cabinet windows, and doors, screen carving, etc. The woodcarving machine is
composed of a computer, woodcarving machine controller and woodcarving machine
host. Working theory: the graphic file is converted into a signal that can
control the action of the processing machinery through the special engraving
software configured in the computer, and the information is transmitted to the
controller of the wood carving machine. Then the controller converts the
information into a signal that can drive the motor (Position command pulse
train) to control the wood carving machine to generate the motion path of the
axis. At the same time, the high-speed rotating engraving head (spindle) on the
engraving machine can cut various processed plane or three-dimensional relief
graphics and text designed in the computer by cutting the processing material
fixed on the worktable through the cutter to realize the automation of
engraving operation. The wood carving machine achieves the automatic engraving from
the sketch to the light finishing, greatly reducing the time of engraving, the
multi-head wood carving machine can process multiple wood at the same time,
greatly reducing the workload of labor and improving work efficiency.
2. Technical requirements
The system uses 4 sets of dual-axis
servo drives and servo motors plus a machine, 8 sets of spindle frequency
conversion and motors and a computer control system. As shown below:
The role of each axis:
X, Y axis:
horizontal linear motion, motor and screw are directly connected;
Z axis: vertical
movement, the motor is directly connected to the screw with the brake;
A axis: Eight
reducers are connected in series to drive the wood to make a rotary motion.
After one surface is processed, it is turned over to the other surface to
continue processing, and three-dimensional processing can be completed in
conjunction with the other 3 axes.
3. System Construction
The servo driver works in the position mode.
The host computer sends a position command to the servo driver through the
pulse control card. The servo driver drives the motor to operate according to
the given command signal.
1. Electrical
configuration table
|
Device type
|
Multi-head wood engraving machine
|
|
Max carving size ( XY )
|
2000 * 2500
|
|
Max travel speed
|
18m / min
|
|
Spindle power
|
2200w
|
|
Spindle speed
|
24000r / min
|
|
Operating Voltage
|
220V / 50HZ
|
|
Tool diameter
|
∮ 3.175 ∮ 4 ∮ 6 ∮ 8mm
|
|
Carving instructions
|
G code
|
|
NC system
|
Weihong
|
|
A axis
|
Dual axis absolute drive
|
ZSD-KAD20AB
|
17 bit
Absolute motor
|
130ST-M10025
|
|
X axis
|
130ST-M10025
|
|
Y axis
|
ZSD-KAD20AB
|
110ST-M04030
|
|
Z axis
|
110ST-M06030 ( with
brake )
|
2.
Related parameter settings:
The
position, speed, current, etc. can be observed through the host computer, so
that the command and feedback waveforms can be truly observed, which is
convenient for debugging and application.
(1)
Speed gain adjustment
For
commands from the higher-level system, the driver needs to drive the motor as
promptly and accurately as possible. To make the motor move closer to the command,
adjust the gain.
(2)
Electronic gear ratio setting
Taking
the Z-axis as an example, after jogging to move up to the target value of 10
mm, measure the actual value with a tape measure. The reciprocal of the ratio
of the target value to the actual value is the electronic gear ratio.
(3)
Position gain adjustment
Under
normal circumstances, the default position loop gain can meet the needs of the
engraving machine. If the engraving quality is not smooth, you can increase the
position command filter.
4.
Application debugging of zhishan servo
Zhishan
K series servo supports dual-axis drive, up to 23 -bit absolute value encoder,
built-in multiple bus interfaces, has the advantages of high-speed response,
accurate positioning, short settling time, stable operation, etc. Also, the machine
is basically free of vibration during high-speed processing, and the products have no burrs and knife marks, and the carving shape is clear and
accurate, which has been greatly recognized by customers of wood carving
machines.
The
picture below is the finished product processed by the Zhishan K series servo:
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